Differences Between PCOD and PCOS

Did you know 26% of women all over the globe can be affected by a condition linked to their ovaries? This is a fact: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) are two popular endocrine diseases that affect a lot of women. Although their names are often used interchangeably, understanding the difference between PCOD and PCOS is crucial for effective management and treatment. PCOD, although hormonal imbalances are involved, typically tells the situation of an abundance of cysts on the ovaries, which may disarray the menstrual cycles as well as infertility.

PCOS is a very complicated and all-inclusive syndrome that is typically marked by hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and a host of other symptoms like weight gain, acne, and excessive hair growth. Besides, PCOS can also cause some serious long-term health problems, such as diabetes, if not treated properly.

Choosing home remedies, medical treatments, and constant supervision of the patient is fundamental for the healing process. The clear distinction between PCOD and PCOS allows for more targeted interventions, which boosts your confidence that your health is being prioritised and ultimately improves health outcomes for those affected by the condition.

Understanding the differences between PCOD and PCOS is essential for managig your health effectively. By reading more, you can learn how to address and treat these conditions.

Difference Between PCOD and PCOS

Polycystic Ovary Disease (PCOD) and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are often considered synonyms, which is why these two terms can be misleading as they refer to two distinctly different conditions with their own character traits and treatment methods. Promoting the right understanding of PCOD and PCOS is the first step towards proper treatment and health promotion.

What is PCOD and PCOS?

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD)

PCOD is an illness when the ovaries are filled with many cysts. In PCOD, hormonal imbalances can result in irregular menstrual cycles, potentially leading to fertility challenges. This condition affects about 5 to 15% of women and is primarily caused by hormonal imbalances that result in cyst formation on the ovaries.

Unlike PCOS, PCOD is often seen as a less severe condition, which is mainly characterised by the presence of these cysts. PCOD is a disease that is very common and can be easily treated by making some lifestyle changes, diet modification, and taking some medicines. Thus, there is hope for those affected.

In PCOD, hormonal imbalances can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, which might cause fertility issues. The cysts themselves might not always cause no symptoms at all, however, when they do, the symptoms might include symptoms like weight gain, hair loss, and acne. In many cases, PCOD does not lead to long-term health complications if appropriately managed.

Is it possible for a woman with PCOD to conceive?

Women with PCOD can still get pregnant, but irregular ovulation may cause delays. They also face a higher risk of pregnancy complications such as endometrial cancer.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a more severe and complex condition compared to PCOD. PCOS is a hormonal disorder that disrupts the normal functioning of the ovaries. Irregular or prolonged menstrual cycles, an excess of male hormones (androgens), and multiple tiny cysts in the ovaries are the main symptoms. This syndrome affects approximately 6-26% of women worldwide, and in India, the prevalence rates are between 3.7 and 22.5 percent, depending on the study.

It is not only about the presence of ovarian cysts but also includes the more extensive metabolic and hormonal disturbances. PCOS in women usually comes with insulin resistance, excess amount of androgens, and an increased risk of severe health problems like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as well as uterus cancer. It usually takes a more comprehensive approach, including medication, diet modifications, lifestyle changes, and sometimes fertility treatments.

Can women with PCOS still get pregnant?

Having PCOS doesn't prevent pregnancy. It's a common but treatable cause of infertility in women. Hormonal imbalance can interfere with egg growth and release, leading to ovulation problems. Pregnant women with PCOS may have a higher risk of miscarriage and stillbirth.

Common Causes Of PCOS & PCOD

PCOD/PCOS is a multifactorial condition caused by a combination of factors: your family history, lifestyle, and genetics. It's not just one factor. Genes and hormonal issues all play a role in developing PCOD/PCOS. To treat this condition effectively, you need to understand these different causes. Apart from these factors, several physiological causes that can increase the risk of PCOD/PCOS are overproduction of insulin, inflammation, and high androgen levels.

Unhealthy Diet

Women with PCOD/PCOS often have a higher intake of high-glycemic index sweets, saturated fats, cheese, and diets rich in carbohydrates and fats while also consuming low-fibre and Western-style diets. These eating habits have been linked to an increased risk of PCOS compared to healthy individuals.

Sedentary Lifestyle

Extended periods of inactivity and insufficient physical exercise can lead to weight gain and metabolic issues in individuals. As a result, an unhealthy lifestyle can increase the likelihood of developing PCOS and the related symptoms of depression.

Genetics

Women with a family history of PCOD are at a higher risk of developing the condition, indicating a strong genetic connection. Specific genes associated with hormone regulation and insulin resistance may heighten the likelihood of experiencing this disorder.

Problems of PCOD/PCOS

• Some people with PCOD/PCOS may have heavy or prolonged periods, also known as menorrhagia, due to hormonal imbalances.

• Irregular or absent periods are common symptoms of PCOD/PCOS. Individuals with PCOS may experience unpredictable or prolonged menstrual cycles, or they may not have periods at all.

• Excess of male hormones, which is common in PCOD/PCOS, can cause symptoms like excess body hair, persistent or severe acne, and thinning or loss of hair in a pattern similar to male baldness (androgenic alopecia).

• PCOS is a leading cause of reproductive issues and difficulty getting pregnant. Ovulation irregularities due to PCOS make it difficult for women to conceive.

• Many women with PCOS struggle with weight management due to hormonal imbalances, which affect glucose storage and processing in the body and lead to weight gain, mainly in the abdominal region.

• Some women with PCOS/PCOD may have changes in skin pigmentation, which may appear as dark patches on areas like the neckline, genital area, and armpits.

• Mild autoimmune conditions can cause low-grade inflammation in the body due to various physiological reasons, which can lead to an increase in androgens. High androgens are associated with acne, skin problems, and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

• Many women with PCOD experience overall well-being issues like mood swings, strained relationships, low self-confidence, negative self-image, disrupted eating and sleeping patterns, and low motivation.

How To Treat?

PCOD Treatment: PCOD management involves lifestyle changes like a balanced diet and exercise.  The exact cause of PCOS is still unclear, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms with medication. Birth control pills can help regulate periods and manage symptoms like acne. Other treatments, like ovulation-inducing medications or assisted reproductive technologies, may be considered. For women planning to conceive, fertility treatments may be needed.

PCOS Treatment: It is multifaceted. Lifestyle changes like weight management, a healthy diet, and regular physical activity are key. Medications may include hormonal pills to regulate periods, insulin sensitizers to address insulin resistance, and treatments for symptoms like acne and excess hair growth. For women with fertility issues, specific fertility treatments may be recommended.

The treatment for both PCOD and PCOS primarily focuses on addressing the symptoms. It involves using hormonal medication, insulin regulators, dietary adjustments, and supplements. Home remedies improve insulin sensitivity and balance hormones, thus reducing symptoms and other side effects. This holistic approach complements conventional therapy and is crucial for ensuring the overall well-being of women with PCOS.

For natural remedies for PCOS, check out this effective natural remedies for managing PCOS symptoms. It covers various holistic approaches, including seed cycling, which involves consuming specific seeds during different phases of the menstrual cycle to balance hormones in women with PCOS. It also discusses home remedies like herbal teas, dietary adjustments, and supplements to alleviate symptoms. 

Conclusion

Differentiating between PCOD and PCOS is key to management. Early detection and management can significantly impact outcomes. While both have cysts in the ovaries, the causes, symptoms, and health effects are very different. PCOD is challenging but often involves simple hormonal imbalances that can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication. PCOS is a more complex condition that requires a holistic approach as it affects overall health. Knowing the difference allows for customised treatment and overall well-being.